Compound cord for use in cord fabrics.



T. SLOPER.

COMPOUND CORD FOR USE IN CORD FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20. 1903.

913,856; Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. SLOPER.

COMPOUND CORD FOR USE IN CORD FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20, 1909.

Patented Mm, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MT'MW,

- 9 W yywa nether end having different degrees of ex- THOMAS SLOPER, OF

TENT ()FFICE.

DEVIZES, ENGLAND.

OMPOUND GORD FOR USE IN CORD FABRICS.

To all whom 'it may c0'n.cern.'- I Be it known that I, THOMAS SLoPER, a sub- 5 ject of the King of England, and residing at l Devizes, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compound i Cords for Use in Cord Fabrics, of which the following is a. specification.

V This invention is for improvements in or relating to compound cords used in the manufeature of cord-fabrics and is particularly applicable tothe manufacture of pneumatic tires from rubbered cords of oblong or like crossssection, on the lines described in my earlier patent specification No. 79937-1.

In the manufacture of tires of smell or medium cross-section it is usually snilir to flatten a round cord by passing it hot .r rollers and to buiid the same into the Fnhr Without further immipulzttion. For heir-:3 tires however, it is on advent; a compound cord, tinrt is, a (Urn i two or more individual on by suitable means such as are in r scribed and this introduces diilicnhiw, which it is the object of the present invention in j r overcome. It will be under-stool that the nure 2:. is flattened, the greater the number of l that can be built into n in of m n-is but there is a limit beyond whit; any further =1 flattening weakens the cord. '5 orovrer :1; largecorri cannot with advnnm o toned to the same percentage of it.v as a snntlier eoiwl, hca'uruse the promo: or" ..tt ,4 the cord to contract iHZ'lQflirldinclly-which gives it an extensibility that renders it liable to lengthen when in use in the tire and it is the object ol the pros-rut invention to produce at cord composed of elm ments having diilercnt degrees of cxionsh bility, in order that when. the fabric has been j built into the curved term rccnircd, oil the 1 individual cords coi'u iiosino; {no compound cord may take approxiu: atcl r equal shores of i the strain.

The first part of this invention relates to :1- i compound cord that is composed of two or i more individual cords or strands secure-l totensibility so that when in position in a iab- 1 ric the individual strands may rain approxif mately equal shares of the strain. l

further feature consists in building the l Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. August 20,

, no g union-tor Patented March 2, 1909.

1908. Serial No. 449,482.

compound cord of two or more individual strands laid side by side and secured together, the strand havingthe least cxtensibility being place-1i at one side of the compound cord and thathnring the greatest extensibility being placed at the other side. Such a compound cord is suitable for builting' a fabrid'of enrvet'i cross-section, as in bending the cords to the required curve the strand of least extensibility is kept at that side wherein] the short bond is formed. and the individuatnvider strand of greatest extensibility is limpt at that side which takes the long-er ben r. this arrangement equalizes the strains on the s rnn s as their degrees of oxr'ensil'iility are mum proportional to'the positions: the are to erupt.

The nrponna corn; to which this innrion relztlvs are oi ob ong; or ""6 crosssection. lnrvi1i s ;:-.;5 ater on a lo. .1 dieinalthough the :rctus.

lroutour oi the cross mi of the cord may 'Vui') considoruhlv. Luce, in sonic on. the individual siren" it one sir o. the compound lw ...r.llrr tlt-z wt ut the other r. ('ord cl 'r-r;i.\'iw lolir Wednertivn mino hiit what- '2 wi he undorm on ohi i' info the vthe longer .nos;unmet) at right .n-s fo 4.1 w otter l'nlnic. Eur. w iitttirnrei'nr-a on. lvemployed for n nd nu ix'r. not on s extensible.

such as tying the twist given to the fibers composing: the individual cords. or in the case of rubb-orc l cords, the quantity of rub her enrplorod with tho fiber-Ina be varied F r the some purpose.

.ln the accompanying drawings:---l igure 1 shows in elevation, a compound cord composed of two individual cords secured together accordin to one method of carrying out this invention, Fig. :3 is e crossscction of the some. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a similar compound cor-l wherein the LnLllVKlUttl elements are secured together by (hfierent means. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the same,

Fifi. 5 shows the some cord after bending, Fig. 6 is an elevation of a modified compound cord, 7 is a transverse section of the seine, Fig. 8 is an elevation of another modified form of cord, Fig. 9 is a transverse sectier. of the same, and Fig. 19 is an elevation of the same cord after it has been bent.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings. I

. The compound cord shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises two elements only A and B respectively .These individualcords or strandelements are secured together by a binding thread C as described in the specification of U; S. Letters Patent No. 783,574. Another method of securing the individual cords together is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 wherein rubber cement indicated at D is employed. One of the individual cords, for example the cord AgO'f the two compound cords referred to has a greater degree of extensibility than the other cord B and in curving the compound cord to build itinto the fabric, the cord B, which has the lesser degree of extensibility, is kept on that side which takes the shorter bend, while the cord A of greater extensibility lies on the side that takes the longer hand, the longer diameter x a; (Fig. 4:) being 25 hai'ztmtained approximately at right angles topthe surface of the fabric I In Figs. 6 and 7 a compound cordis shown comprising elements E E, whereof E is flattened to renderit more extensible than E and moreover, the element E is of greater cross-sectional area than E.

More than two individual cords or strands may be employed in'building up the compound cord as shown; in Figs. 8 to and the individual cords may be graduated in size as at F, B, F, and so arranged that the smallest cord F lies at one side of the compound cord and the largest individual cord F lies at the other side, resulting in a cord of somewhat wedgeshaped cross-section. This cord, as with the others, is built into the fabric on edge, that is, with its greater diameter a: .0; (Fig. 9) approximately at right angles to the surface oi the fabric and when built into a tire so that the whole fabric forms an annulus of curved cross-s ction, the narrower edge of this cord is kept toward the center of the annulus and the wider portion thus fills the greater circumference provided by the thiclmcss of the fabric and enables a smooth, finish to be given to the exterior. Each oi the cords RF, F may have different degrees of extensibility, the cord F which is to lie on the inside of the bend as shown in Fig. 10 having the least degree of extensibility and the cord b the greatest.

The cord thus produced may be used in the manufacture of a pneumatic tire, hose pipe or other fabric having a curved crossseetion, ere-h cords being composed of elements or s is having diiierent degrees of extensibility or diflerent lengths or sizes and so proportions-d that-when built into the finished article, each element takes approximately its .bility. whereby a cord is providedrnoreextensible on one sidel th erases proper share of the strain. The twist of the strands composing the cord need notbe in the same direction with all as some may be formed with a right hand and others With a left hand twist these being preferably arranged alternately i. 6. one with a left hand twist next to one with a right hand twist and soon.

The term strand isus'ed throughout for; either a simple or compound element which is combined with others vto for'm the compound cord. I

What I claim as my inventionand desire to secure by Letters Patent is:- i

1. In a cord the combination of a plurality of strands of dilierent degrees of extensibility laid side by side and secured together to form a single cord their arrangement beingin-the'. order of their respective degrees (if-extensithan 8 other, for the purpose described 2. In a cord of approximately oval section the combination of, a plur lit y' of strands ofdifi'erent degrees ofextens'bility laid. side bysideand secured together tedio rrn a single cord their arrangement being in'the order of theirjrespective degrees of eXtensibility the strand of least extensibility being at one end of the oval cross-section and that of greatest extensibilit at the opposite end,

for thepurpose descri ed. 1

'3. in a cord of approximately oval cross.- section and intended tobe emplogejd in a bent form with one end of-the ova-1901:053- section toward the smaller orinner bendand the other toward.v the larger or outer bend, of a' plurality of strands of different degrees of extensibility laid side by side and secured together to form a single cord their arrangementbeing in the order of their respective degrees of extensibilitythd strand of least extensibility being atone end'oftheoval cross-section and that ofgreatest eX- r tensibility at the opposite end'tlie degrees of extensibility bein so chosen that When the cord is bent to t e required shape all the strands are under approximately equaltension, substantially as set forth; 1

' 4. In a cord the combination of, a plurality of twisted strands of different degrees of eX- -.l15 tensibility laid side by side and secured together to form a single cord their arrange ment being in the order of their respective degreesof extensibility-whereby a cord is provided that is more extensible on one side than on the other, for'the purpose described.

5. In a cord the combination of, a plurality of'twisted strands having difierent degrees of twist according to the degree of extensibility each. strand is requiredto have laid side by side and secured together to form a single cord their arrangement being in the order of their respective degrees of twist or ion - extensibility whereby a cord is provided that is -more-;extensible on one side than on the otenfor thedpurpose described.

. In 2. (tor of approximately oval cross- -i section the combination of, a plurality of twisted strands having different degrees of twist according to the degree of extensibility each strand is required to have, laid side by side and secured together to form a sin le o n b D cord their arrangement being in the order of their respeetivejde rees of twist or extensibility that having t e least twist or extensibility being at one end ofthe oval crosssectlon and that-of greatest twist or extensibility at the opposite end, for the purpose 

